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Myofascial pain is a purely clinical diagnosis, and lacks objective and systematic diagnostic criteria. 2-5, 20 Epidemiology including risk factors and primary prevention Nonstructural factors including anxiety, depression, sleep deprivation, fatigue, chronic infection, and iron, vitamin, mineral, and endocrine deficiency states may contribute to the development and persistence of TrPs. Mechanical causes of chronic stretch and overload include unaccustomed or intense exercise, sustained sub-optimal postures, anatomic abnormalities, abnormal muscle firing patterns, joint dysfunction, chronic repetitive overuse, and poor work-related ergonomics. EtiologyĬhronic muscle stretch and overload are thought to play a key role in the development of TrPs, with direct and indirect trauma as possible but less likely causes. 1,2 MPS is characterized by pain, both local and referred, muscle stiffness, and sensory changes. A TrP is defined as a hyperirritable spot in a palpable taut band of skeletal muscle. Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a regional muscle pain syndrome caused by myofascial trigger points (TrPs). These charts clearly label the specific muscles that are affected by trigger point, the exact trigger point locations, primary and secondary pain sensitive zones, as well as, origins and insertions on the skeleton for many of the impacted muscles. These charts are designed to function as reference materials to help increase your knowledge about the Trigger Points: Torso and Trigger Points: Extremities. All the upper and lower extremity pain patterns and their corresponding trigger points are clearly illustrated on convenient flip charts, ideal for patient education.Īll the upper and lower extremity pain patterns and their corresponding trigger points are clearly illustrated on convenient desk flip charts, ideal for patient education. All the upper and lower extremity Travell Simons & Simons' Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual has been hailed as the definitive reference on myofascial pain and locating trigger points. All the upper and lower extremity pain patterns and their corresponding trigger points are clearly illustrated on convenient flip charts, ideal for patient education. Travell Simons & Simons' Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual has been hailed as the definitive reference on myofascial pain and locating trigger points.